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| Self-interest is the norm |
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| Strong loyalty and allegiance |
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| Downplays history and tradition |
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| Concerned about preserving traditions |
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| Non-supportive of employees |
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| Not involved in community |
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| Just get it done environment |
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| Committed to product/service excellence |
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| Indifferent to employee needs |
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| Employee needs and feelings valued |
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| Lacks confidence, insecure |
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| Confident, feels superior and invulnerable |
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| Encourages cooperation and teamwork |
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| Not focused on ethics and values |
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| Emphasis placed on ethics and values |
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| Age and seniority are unimportant |
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| Respect for age and seniority |
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| Informal, few rules, procedures |
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| Many rules, policies, procedures |
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| Values and promotes diversity |
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| Hard work, long hours are the norm |
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| Tight controls of employees |
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| Provides high level of independence |
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| Focused on task and results |
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| Continuous learning and improvement |
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| Openly shares information |
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| Unilateral decision making |
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| Participative, consensus oriented |
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| Goals and objects are clearly stated |
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| Doesn't value creativity and innovation |
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| Values creativity and innovation |
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| Values intellectual achievement |
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| Continuously changing the organization |
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| Feelings and emotions controlled |
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| Feelings and emotions openly expressed |
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| Concerned about short-term finances |
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| Nonconformists are tolerated |
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| Strong pressure to conform |
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| Power struggles, manipulation common |
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| Not friendly, little socializing |
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| Sociable, friendly atmosphere |
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| Hierarchical, clear level differentiation |
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| Indifferent to customer needs |
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| Focused on customer needs and service |
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| Confronts disagreement and conflict |
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| Concerned about image of success |
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| Relishes and promotes competition |
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| Focuses on long-term planning |
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| Reactive, focuses on short-term results |
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| Conservative, plays-it-safe |
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| Encourages risk taking, new ventures |
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| Unconcerned about trade secrets |
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| Protective of technology, ideas, plans |
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| Insular, provincial, inwardly focused |
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| In tune with industry and market |
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| High level of job security |
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| Leader's notoriety unimportant |
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| Dominated by presence of leader |
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| Values the right credentials and degrees |
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| Easy-going, relaxed environment |
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| Stressful, high pressure environment |
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| Aggressive, seizes opportunities |
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